Characterization of P1argF derivatives from Escherichia coli K12 transduction. I. IS1 elements flank the argF gene...

Specialized transducing derivatives of the temperate bacteriophage P1 (P1std) are selected by transduction into recipients with deletions in the corresponding genes (Stodolsky 1973). When Escherichia coli K12 strains are used as donors in such transduction experiments, P1argF derivatives can be selected. The argF gene is unique to these strains (Glansdorff et al. 1967). Under these experimental conditions P1argF are formed with frequencies 10,000 times greater than other P1std. The majority of the P1argF derivatives that have been analyzed are indistinguishable by cleavage analyses. One such derivative, P1argF5 has been characterized in detail. Heteroduplex analysis against P1, P7, and P1CmO identified an 11 kb insertion of DNA precisely at the naturally occurring IS1 locus of P1. Cleavage analysis with EcoRI, BamHI and PstI confirmed this finding. To further define the argF insertion, a P1Cm13argF derivative was constructed having the IS1 sequences of Cm13 and argF in opposite orientation. Intrastrand annealing of P1Cm13argF5 DNA established that the argF segment is flanked by directly repeated IS1 sequences. The IS1-argF-IS1 segment is designated Tn2901. The assignment of the map position of the argF gene within the 11 kb insert of P1argF5 is discussed. The evolutionary significance of this finding and a model for P1argF formation is also presented.