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Quantitative Analyses of all Influenza Type A Viral Hemagglutinins and Neuraminidases using Universal Antibodies in Simple Slot Blot Assays
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Published on: April 4, 2011

Detection and quantification of antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

W W Marquardt, D B Snyder, B A Schlotthober

    Avian Diseases
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed

    An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting and quantifying antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is described. Purified antigen, prepared on sucrose density gradients, was required to decrease the nonspecific background, and saline was found to be superior to bicarbonate buffer for coating the cuvettes with antigen. The sensitivity of the test in measuring antiserum titers could be altered greatly and linearly by adjusting the protein content of the antigen. The ELISA was able to detect an antibody response to IBV infection earlier than the virus-neutralization (VN) test. Antibody titers obtained by ELISA were considerably higher than those obtained by VN. Serotypes of IBV could not be differentiated with ELISA because of extensive antiserum cross-reactivity. The utility of ELISA in studies on IBV is discussed.

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    Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

    Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

    In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
    There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.