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Persistent infection with adenovirus types 5 and 6 in lymphoid cells from humans and woolly monkeys

W A Andiman, G Miller

    The Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Chronic adenovirus infection in human lymphoid cells can persist for months. This persistent adenovirus infection is maintained through cell-to-cell spread and intracellular virus survival, even in the presence of antibodies.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Adenoviruses are common human pathogens.
    • Lymphoid cells are a target for viral infections.
    • Understanding chronic viral infections is crucial for developing effective treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms of chronic adenovirus infection in lymphoid cells.
    • To determine how adenovirus persists in human and monkey B lymphocytes.
    • To explore the role of antibodies in controlling adenovirus infection.

    Main Methods:

    • Establishing chronic adenovirus (types 5 and 6) infection in primary human mononuclear leukocytes and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B lymphocytes.
    • Culturing infected cells and recovering adenovirus over extended periods.
    • Assessing the impact of antibody exposure on viral infection in different cell types.

    Main Results:

    • Adenovirus was recovered from human leukocytes for up to two months and from EBV-transformed lymphocytes for up to three months without affecting cell growth.
    • Infection in woolly monkey EBV-transformed lymphocytes was eliminated by antibody.
    • Human EBV-transformed lymphocytes harbored persistent adenovirus, restoring infection upon antibody removal.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic adenovirus infection in lymphoid cells is maintained by at least two mechanisms.
    • These mechanisms include cell-to-cell spread in the absence of antibodies.
    • Intracellular persistence of infectious virus in the presence of antibodies also contributes to chronic infection.

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