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Related Experiment Videos

Pituitary-adrenal function in rats chronically exposed to cold.

J Vernikos, M F Dallman, C Bonner

    Endocrinology
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cold exposure for two weeks activates the pituitary-adrenal system in rats, increasing stress hormone levels and enhancing responses to stimuli. This chronic cold stress affects hormonal regulation but not adrenal sensitivity to ACTH.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Stress Physiology
    • Neuroendocrinology

    Background:

    • The pituitary-adrenal axis is crucial for stress response.
    • Chronic cold exposure is a significant environmental stressor.
    • Understanding sustained stress effects on hormonal regulation is vital.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term impact of cold exposure on rat pituitary-adrenal function.
    • To assess changes in corticosterone and ACTH levels under chronic cold stress.
    • To evaluate the responsiveness and feedback mechanisms of the HPA axis.

    Main Methods:

    • Male rats were exposed to cold (10°C) for up to 2 weeks.
    • Plasma and adrenal corticosterone and ACTH levels were measured over 24-hour cycles.

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  • Responses to acute stress (saline injection) and adrenalectomy were assessed.
  • Pituitary-adrenal suppression by prednisolone and adrenal sensitivity to ACTH were evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic cold exposure led to elevated plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels.
    • The diurnal peak of corticosterone was initially advanced but normalized.
    • Cold-exposed rats showed enhanced responses to acute stress and adrenalectomy.
    • Resistance to prednisolone-induced suppression was observed, without changes in adrenal sensitivity to ACTH.

    Conclusions:

    • Sustained cold exposure activates central regulatory mechanisms for ACTH secretion and adrenal size.
    • Chronic cold stress impairs negative feedback effectiveness on the pituitary-adrenal axis.
    • Adrenal rhythmicity and sensitivity to ACTH remain unaffected by chronic cold exposure.