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Thermal stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus
Abstract:
The thermal stabilities of 146S component of seven strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus were found to differ considerably. Inactivation of infectivity with acetylethyleneimine (AEI) reduced the thermal stabilities of all but one of the viruses. Treatment of AEI inactivated and control virus preparations with glutaraldehyde stabilized 146S particles to a considerable extent, whereas treatment with dimethyl suberimidate was less effective. In similar experiments with 75S, natural empty particles, the thermal stabilities were lower than those of the corresponding 146 S particles. Treatment of 75S particles with AEI appeared to have no direct effect on the protein-protein interactions involved in 75S capsid integrity. As with 146S particles, glutaraldehyde stabilized 75S particles.
Insights
Foot-and-mouth disease virus thermal stability varies by strain. Acetylethyleneimine (AEI) reduced stability, while glutaraldehyde treatment enhanced it for both 146S and 75S particles.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Biochemistry
- Structural Biology
Background:
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a significant pathogen affecting livestock.
- Understanding the structural stability of FMDV components is crucial for vaccine development and virus control.
- The 146S and 75S particles represent different structural forms of the virus with potentially distinct properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the thermal stabilities of the 146S component from seven FMDV strains.
- To assess the impact of chemical treatments, including acetylethyleneimine (AEI), glutaraldehyde, and dimethyl suberimidate, on the thermal stability of FMDV particles.
- To compare the thermal stabilities of 146S particles with 75S empty particles.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of thermal inactivation profiles for FMDV strains.
- Treatment of viral particles with acetylethyleneimine (AEI) to inactivate infectivity.
- Cross-linking of viral particles using glutaraldehyde and dimethyl suberimidate.
- Assessment of thermal stability of treated and untreated 146S and 75S particles.
Main Results:
- Significant variations in thermal stability were observed among the 146S components of different FMDV strains.
- Acetylethyleneimine (AEI) treatment generally reduced the thermal stability of 146S particles.
- Glutaraldehyde significantly stabilized both 146S and 75S particles, while dimethyl suberimidate showed less efficacy.
- 75S empty particles exhibited lower thermal stability than corresponding 146S particles, and AEI did not directly affect their capsid integrity.
Conclusions:
- The thermal stability of FMDV is strain-dependent and can be modulated by chemical treatments.
- Glutaraldehyde is an effective agent for enhancing the thermal stability of both FMDV 146S and 75S particles.
- These findings have implications for the production and formulation of FMDV vaccines and antivirals.