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Should we eat more fibre?

A M Stephen

    Journal of Human Nutrition
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dietary fibre intake recommendations are debated. While evidence supports fibre for constipation and diverticular disease, its benefits for colon cancer and heart disease are less clear. Higher fibre intake is suggested as a favourable guideline for the UK.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutrition Science
    • Gastroenterology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Debate exists regarding the role of dietary fibre in maintaining health and whether a standard fibre intake should be recommended in the UK.
    • Numerous challenges affect studies on fibre's role in disease, including epidemiological study limitations and inconsistencies in defining and analyzing dietary fibre.
    • While fibre's effect on faecal bulking is well-established, supporting its use in treating diverticular disease and constipation, evidence for benefits in colon cancer and ischaemic heart disease is less convincing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the evidence for and against recommending a standard dietary fibre intake in the UK.
    • To evaluate the scientific basis for current dietary fibre recommendations.
    • To discuss the implications of different fibre types and amounts for gastrointestinal health.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of epidemiological and experimental studies on dietary fibre.
    • Analysis of existing data on fibre's effects on faecal bulking, diverticular disease, constipation, colon cancer, and ischaemic heart disease.
    • Consideration of challenges in dietary fibre research, including study design and analytical methods.

    Main Results:

    • Dietary fibre is experimentally verified to aid faecal bulking, supporting its use for diverticular disease and constipation.
    • Evidence for beneficial effects of dietary fibre on colon cancer and ischaemic heart disease is less convincing.
    • Few harmful effects of fibre have been documented, though its impact on mineral balance requires further investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • Recommending higher dietary fibre intakes in the UK is suggested as a favourable guideline.
    • The type of fibre recommended should be based on emerging evidence of its mode of action in the gastrointestinal tract.
    • Consideration of fibre intake amounts relative to other countries and historical UK intakes is important for developing effective guidelines.

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