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Related Experiment Videos

Birth defects and vaginal spermicides.

S Shapiro, D Slone, O P Heinonen

    JAMA
    |May 7, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study found no increased risk of birth defects in children whose mothers used spermicides during pregnancy. Spermicide use, including nonoxynol-9, did not correlate with limb deformities, cancer, Down

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Teratology
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Spermicides are a method of birth control.
    • Concerns exist regarding potential teratogenic effects of spermicides.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between spermicide use during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes.
    • To assess risks for specific congenital anomalies and neoplasms.

    Main Methods:

    • Cohort study of 50,282 pregnancies (1958-1965).
    • Analysis of spermicide use (nonmercurial and phenylmercuric acetate).
    • Comparison of rates of limb reduction deformities, neoplasms, Down's syndrome, and hypospadias in exposed vs. unexposed children.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • No excess risk of limb reduction deformities, neoplasms, Down's syndrome, or hypospadias in children exposed to nonmercurial spermicides (rate ratio 0.6-1.6).
  • No excess risk observed with phenylmercuric acetate use (rate ratio 0.9, 0.6-1.3).

    • Conclusions:

    • Spermicide use in pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of major birth defects or childhood neoplasms in this cohort.
    • Findings suggest a lack of teratogenic effect from spermicides studied.