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[Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ceftizoxime in pediatric field (author's transl)]
Insights
Ceftizoxime (CZX) demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetics and high urinary recovery in children. This new cephalosporin antibiotic showed excellent or good clinical efficacy in 87 patients with various infections, with a 100% bacteriological effectiveness rate.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Ceftizoxime (CZX) is a novel cephalosporin antibiotic.
- Pediatric pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy require thorough investigation.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ceftizoxime in pediatric patients.
- To determine the drug's penetration into cerebrospinal fluid and efficacy across various infections.
Summary:
- Ceftizoxime exhibited favorable serum pharmacokinetics and high urinary recovery rates in children after intravenous administration.
- The antibiotic demonstrated good penetration into cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric patients with purulent meningitis and cerebral abscess.
- Clinical studies in 87 pediatric patients showed excellent or good outcomes for diverse infections, achieving a 100% bacteriological effectiveness rate with minimal side effects.
Impact:
- Ceftizoxime presents a promising therapeutic option for pediatric infections.
- The findings support the use of ceftizoxime in treating various bacterial infections in children.
- Further research may explore optimal dosing and long-term safety profiles.
Abstract:
Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ceftizoxime (CZX), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, were investigated and following results were obtained. 1) Ceftizoxime was given by intravenous injection or drip infusion for 1 hour at a single dose of 30 mg/kg. After intravenous injection, the mean peak serum level of 3 children was 95.9 mcg/ml at 15 minutes and half-life time was 1.18 hours. After 1 hour drip infusion, the mean peak serum level of 3 children was 79.5 mcg/ml at the end of infusion and half-life time was 1.20 hours. The urinary level was high and the mean urinary recovery rate was 69.6% and 63.4% up to 6 hours after intravenous injection and 1 hour drip infusion, respectively. 2) CZX was administered in dose of 39--76 mg/kg to 7 pediatric patients (4 cases of purulent meningitis, 2 of septicemia with purulent meningitis, and 1 of aseptic meningitis) by a single intravenous injection. In patients with purulent meningitis, passage into the cerebrospinal fluid was relatively as good as 30% of serum level at the same time in the presence of remarkable signs of inflammation, but poor in cases of mild inflammation or aseptic meningitis. 3) Cerebral puncture fluid level in 1 patient with cerebral abscess was as good as 65.5% of serum level at the same time. 4) CZX was given to 28 cases of respiratory tract infection, 1 of tonsillitis with otitis media, 6 of scarlet fever, 1 each of maxillary sinusitis and bacterial endocarditis, 6 of purulent meningitis, 2 of septicemia, 5 of septicemia suspected, 2 of septicemia with purulent meningitis, 1 each of osteomyelitis, typhoid fever, peritonitis and biliary tract infection, 16 of urinary tract infection, 14 of skin and soft tissue infection, and 1 of external otitis, totaling 87 cases. The mean daily dose of 101.6 mg/kg was administered for an average of 10 days mainly by intravenous injection 4 times daily. Clinical results obtained were excellent in 34 cases, and good in 46. Bacteriological effectiveness rate was 100%. As for side effects, fever, fever with rash, fever with cough and diarrhea appeared in 1 each case out of 182 cases including 95 drop out cases. As for laboratory findings, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, elevation of GOT, that of GOT with GPT, and that of GOT with LDH appeared in 10, 2, 2, 3 and 1 cases, respectively.