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Related Experiment Videos

Calcium: calmodulin and cancer.

W E Criss, S Kakiuchi

    Federation Proceedings
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rapidly growing Morris hepatoma tumors exhibit altered calcium signaling. Key changes include increased cytoplasmic calmodulin activity and a novel calcium-binding protein, suggesting a highly active Ca2+-calmodulin complex in cancer cells.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Calcium ions (Ca2+) are crucial intracellular messengers.
    • Calmodulin is a key calcium-binding protein regulating cellular processes.
    • Dysregulation of calcium signaling is implicated in cancer development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate alterations in calcium-related proteins and enzymes in fast-growing Morris hepatoma compared to normal liver.
    • To identify potential molecular mechanisms underlying rapid tumor growth.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of calmodulin activity in cytoplasmic and membrane fractions.
    • Measurement of total calcium content in tumor and normal tissues.
    • Assay of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities.

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  • Detection of calcium-binding proteins using biochemical techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Morris hepatoma showed increased cytoplasmic calmodulin activity and decreased membrane-bound activity.
    • Tumor tissues exhibited a three- to fivefold increase in total calcium levels.
    • Elevated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and reduced cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activities were observed.
    • A novel calcium-binding protein was identified in hepatoma cells, absent in normal liver.

    Conclusions:

    • Fast-growing Morris hepatoma exhibits significant alterations in calcium homeostasis and signaling pathways.
    • The observed changes, including increased calmodulin activity and a new calcium-binding protein, likely contribute to the Ca2+-calmodulin complex's high activity in these tumors.
    • These findings highlight the potential role of calcium dysregulation in promoting rapid tumor proliferation.