Spontaneous regression of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case study

A Chinese patient with documented hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) satisfied the criteria of Everson and Cole for spontaneous regression of malignant tumors. Subsequently he survived a tumor-free period of at least 13 years. During the period of regression, shrinkage of liver coincided with a rise of SGOT to a level comparable to that reported for patients with liver cancer during hepatic arterial ligation and cytotoxic therapy. Postregression liver biopsy from the site of the previous tumor revealed relatively uninflamed HBsAg-positive tissue without dysplasia. The case provided the positive end of the survival spectrum in HCC, evidence that regression of HCC might occur by involution rather than maturation, and histologic data suggesting that regressed HCC might be replaced by surrounding tissue instead of leaving behind dysplasia.