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Comparisons between two isolates of stomatitis papulosa virus.
Veterinary Microbiology
|May 1, 1982
Summary
Two stomatitis papulosa virus isolates showed different latency periods and cytopathic effects in cattle. Virus shedding was prolonged in dexamethasone-treated animals, indicating potential immune modulation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Stomatitis papulosa virus (SPV) causes oral lesions in cattle.
- Understanding SPV isolate variations is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the cytopathology and latency of two SPV isolates.
- To investigate SPV replication and shedding in cattle, including under immunosuppression.
Main Methods:
- Single-step growth curves to determine latency periods.
- In vitro culture of bovine lung cells and tracheal explants.
- Intragingival inoculation of cattle and dexamethasone-treated cattle.
- Virus isolation from lesions and secretions.
- Serological analysis using indirect immunofluorescence.
Main Results:
- Isolate 721 had an 8-hour latency period with cell enlargement and large inclusion bodies; Isolate 8665 had a 6-hour latency period with rapid cell degeneration and small inclusion bodies.
- Neither isolate replicated in bovine alveolar macrophages or fetal bovine tracheal explants.
- Cattle inoculated with SPV developed oral lesions; virus was recovered for 10 days.
- Dexamethasone treatment prolonged virus recovery to 20 days.
- Seroconversion was detected in inoculated cattle.
Conclusions:
- SPV isolates exhibit distinct growth kinetics and cytopathic effects.
- SPV primarily affects oral mucosa, with limited respiratory involvement.
- Immunosuppression can prolong SPV shedding.