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Bluetongue in western Turkey.

A D Yonguç, W P Taylor, L Csontos

    The Veterinary Record
    |August 14, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    A bluetongue virus serotype 4 outbreak in Turkey was controlled using a type-specific vaccine. Bluetongue virus was isolated from sheep and a calf with congenital defects, prompting discussion on potential teratogenic effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Epidemiology
    • Teratology

    Background:

    • Clinical bluetongue, a disease affecting livestock, emerged in Turkey in 1977.
    • The outbreak spread across western provinces in subsequent years, impacting a susceptible animal population.
    • Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a significant concern for animal health globally.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To document the epidemiology and virology of a bluetongue outbreak in Turkey.
    • To investigate the potential teratogenic effects of bluetongue virus.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of a type-specific vaccine in controlling the outbreak.

    Main Methods:

    • Field surveillance and virus isolation from affected animals.
    • Serotyping of the bluetongue virus isolates.
    • Clinical examination and pathological assessment of affected livestock, including a calf with congenital abnormalities.
    • Vaccination campaigns using attenuated type-specific bluetongue virus vaccines.

    Main Results:

    • Bluetongue virus serotype 4 was identified as the causative agent of the outbreak.
    • The virus spread to adjacent provinces in 1978 and 1979.
    • Widespread use of an attenuated type-specific vaccine successfully controlled the bluetongue outbreak.
    • Bluetongue virus was isolated from sheep and a calf exhibiting congenital arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly.

    Conclusions:

    • Type-specific vaccines are effective in controlling bluetongue virus outbreaks in susceptible populations.
    • Bluetongue virus serotype 4 poses a significant threat to livestock in endemic regions.
    • The isolation of BTV from a calf with congenital malformations warrants further investigation into its teratogenic potential, especially in relation to other arboviruses like Akabane virus.

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