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Effect of pyridines on phenotypic properties of Bordetella pertussis
Abstract:
Several conditions of growth of Bordetella pertussis cause a reversible phenotypic alteration in properties termed modulation. Growth in medium containing nicotinic acid induces normal (X-mode) cells to change to modulated (C-mode) cells. We examined several pyridines and compounds resembling pyridines for their ability to affect modulation, using envelope protein patterns and serological reactivity as indicators of modulation. We found that 6-chloronicotinic acid and quinaldic acid were more effective modulating stimuli than was nicotinic acid on a molar basis. Both 2-chloronicotinamide and isoniazid interfered with nicotinic acid-induced modulation, and can be called antimodulators. Picolinic acid inhibited growth.
Insights
Researchers investigated how Bordetella pertussis modulation is affected by pyridine compounds. Certain nicotinic acid derivatives were found to be more effective modulators or act as antimodulators, influencing bacterial properties.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Bacterial Pathogenesis
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Bordetella pertussis undergoes reversible phenotypic changes known as modulation under specific growth conditions.
- Nicotinic acid in growth media induces a transition from normal (X-mode) to modulated (C-mode) Bordetella pertussis cells.
- Modulation affects bacterial properties, including envelope protein expression and serological reactivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of various pyridine derivatives and related compounds on Bordetella pertussis modulation.
- To identify compounds that can act as effective modulating stimuli or interfere with nicotinic acid-induced modulation.
Main Methods:
- Culturing Bordetella pertussis in media supplemented with different pyridine compounds.
- Analyzing changes in envelope protein patterns as an indicator of modulation.
- Assessing serological reactivity to evaluate the phenotypic alterations.
Main Results:
- 6-chloronicotinic acid and quinaldic acid demonstrated enhanced ability to induce modulation compared to nicotinic acid on a molar basis.
- 2-chloronicotinamide and isoniazid acted as antimodulators, inhibiting nicotinic acid-induced modulation.
- Picolinic acid was observed to inhibit bacterial growth.
Conclusions:
- Specific pyridine derivatives possess potent modulating or anti-modulating activities against Bordetella pertussis.
- These findings provide insights into the chemical regulation of bacterial modulation and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.