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Contrast media-induced oliguric renal failure.

R D Alexander, S L Berkes, G Abuelo

    Archives of Internal Medicine
    |March 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Acute kidney injury from contrast media is more common than previously thought, especially in older patients with diabetes or pre-existing kidney issues. Prompt recognition and management are crucial for recovery.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Radiology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Contrast media administration is common in diagnostic imaging.
    • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a potential complication of contrast media.
    • Risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy are not fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report cases of acute oliguric renal failure following contrast media procedures.
    • To identify predisposing factors for contrast media-induced renal failure.
    • To highlight the incidence and clinical course of contrast media-induced AKI.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series of seven patients who developed acute oliguric renal failure.
    • Review of patient demographics, pre-procedure conditions, and contrast media used (Diatrizoate meglumine).

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  • Analysis of the timing, duration, and recovery of renal failure, along with serum creatinine levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Seven patients (average age 63) developed acute oliguric renal failure post-angiography.
    • Common predisposing factors included diabetes mellitus, negative fluid balance, renal insufficiency, and hypertension.
    • Renal failure onset was within 24 hours, persisting for an average of 72 hours; six patients recovered fully.

    Conclusions:

    • Contrast media-induced oliguric renal failure may be more prevalent than generally recognized.
    • Diabetes mellitus, advanced age, and underlying renal insufficiency are significant predisposing factors.
    • These findings underscore the importance of risk assessment before contrast media administration.