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Related Experiment Videos

Virus-induced diabetes in mice.

J W Yoon, A L Notkins

    Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Encephalomyocarditis virus infection destroys pancreatic beta cells in mice, causing diabetes. A live attenuated vaccine can prevent this virus-induced diabetes and its long-term complications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Endocrinology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC) is a known pathogen that can infect pancreatic beta cells.
    • Beta cell destruction by EMC virus leads to hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, mimicking type 1 diabetes.
    • The susceptibility to EMC virus-induced diabetes is influenced by host genetics and viral strain.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pathogenesis of EMC virus-induced diabetes in mice.
    • To characterize the acute and long-term complications associated with this viral diabetes model.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine in preventing EMC virus-induced diabetes.

    Main Methods:

    • Inoculation of mice with EMC virus.
    • Monitoring of metabolic parameters (blood glucose, insulin levels).
    • Histopathological examination of pancreas, kidneys, and eyes.
    • Assessment of lifespan and long-term health outcomes.
    • Evaluation of a live attenuated EMC virus vaccine.

    Main Results:

    • EMC virus infection led to pancreatic beta cell destruction, hypoinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia in susceptible mice.
    • Diabetic mice exhibited long-term complications including reduced lifespan, glomerulosclerosis, and ocular changes.
    • A live attenuated EMC virus vaccine effectively prevented the development of virus-induced diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • EMC virus serves as a relevant model for studying virus-induced diabetes and its complications.
    • Host and viral genetics play a critical role in the development of EMC virus-induced diabetes.
    • Vaccination strategies hold promise for preventing viral diabetes.

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