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Ketotic hypoglycaemia.

M W Haymond, A S Pagliara

    Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Ketotic hypoglycemia, common in children aged 18 months to 5 years, is diagnosed by low blood sugar with ketosis. Affected children cannot tolerate fasting or ketogenic diets, showing lower plasma alanine levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Disorders

    Background:

    • Ketotic hypoglycemia is the most frequent type of hypoglycemia in children.
    • It typically appears between 18 months and 5 years, resolving by age 8-9.
    • Diagnosis involves low blood sugar with ketosis and characteristic symptoms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for ketotic hypoglycemia.
    • To highlight the metabolic differences in children compared to adults regarding glucose regulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic markers.
    • Discussion of provocative ketogenic diet and fasting challenges.
    • Analysis of plasma alanine concentrations in affected versus normal children.

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    Main Results:

    • Definitive diagnosis confirmed by inability to tolerate fasting or ketogenic diet within 24 hours.
    • Ketotic hypoglycemic children exhibit significantly lower plasma alanine levels.
    • Normal children can also develop hypoglycemia and ketonemia with short-term caloric deprivation.

    Conclusions:

    • Ketotic hypoglycemia is a distinct childhood disorder with specific diagnostic criteria.
    • Metabolic responses to fasting differ between children and adults.
    • Lower plasma alanine may be a marker for susceptibility to ketotic hypoglycemia.