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Susceptibility of blood-derived monocytes and macrophages to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus

L W Anderson, P Klevjer-Anderson, H D Liggitt

    Infection and Immunity
    |August 1, 1983
    PubMed

    Insights

    Caprine monocytes become more susceptible to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection when they differentiate into macrophages in vitro. This increased permissiveness varied between goats but did not affect macrophage function.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAE V) causes significant disease in goats.
    • Monocytes and macrophages are key immune cells involved in viral infections.
    • Understanding host-pathogen interactions at the cellular level is crucial for disease control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the permissiveness of caprine monocytes and their differentiated macrophages to CAE V infection.
    • To determine if CAE V infection alters the functional activities of caprine macrophages.
    • To explore variability in susceptibility among different goat individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and in vitro cultivation of caprine blood-derived monocytes.
    • Differentiation of monocytes into macrophages.
    • Infection of monocytes and macrophages with CAE V.
    • Assessment of viral infection using immunofluorescence.
    • Quantification of infectious extracellular virus release.
    • Evaluation of five characteristic macrophage functional activities.

    Main Results:

    • Permissiveness to CAE V infection significantly increased in caprine monocytes upon differentiation into macrophages in vitro.
    • Viral infection was confirmed by immunofluorescence and detection of infectious virus release.
    • Susceptibility to CAE V varied among individual goats, irrespective of age or breed.
    • CAE V infection did not alter five characteristic functional activities of the macrophages.

    Conclusions:

    • Caprine macrophages represent a more permissive host cell for CAE V than monocytes in vitro.
    • Individual host factors, not age or breed, influence susceptibility to CAE V infection.
    • CAE V infection of macrophages in vitro does not impair key cellular functions, suggesting potential for persistent infection or immune evasion.

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