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Urinary alkalinization and smoking cessation.

A J Fix, D Daughton, I Kass

    Journal of Clinical Psychology
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Sodium bicarbonate, a urinary alkalinizing agent, significantly reduced daily cigarette consumption in smokers undergoing a cessation program. While it lowered smoking rates, it did not increase total abstinence compared to a placebo.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Addiction Research
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Previous research indicated urinary alkalinizing agents may reduce cigarette consumption.
    • A safe daily dosage of sodium bicarbonate needed to be established for efficacy studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the effect of sodium bicarbonate on smoking cessation rates.
    • To evaluate its impact on daily cigarette reduction and total abstinence.

    Main Methods:

    • Two studies were conducted with 72 smoking cessation program enrollees.
    • Study 1: Assessed the effect of sodium bicarbonate (3900 mg/day) and ascorbic acid (1500 mg/day) on urinary pH and acidity.
    • Study 2: Compared sodium bicarbonate to ascorbic acid (placebo) for effects on cigarette consumption over 5 weeks.

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    Main Results:

    • Sodium bicarbonate significantly increased urinary pH and lowered acidity.
    • Participants taking sodium bicarbonate showed greater reductions in daily cigarette consumption compared to the placebo group.
    • No significant difference in total smoking abstinence rates was observed between groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Sodium bicarbonate effectively reduces cigarette consumption among smokers in a cessation program.
    • While helpful for reduction, it may not be sufficient as a standalone method for achieving total smoking abstinence.