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Initiation/promotion studies with coal-derived liquids.

D D Mahlum

    Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Solvent-refined coal fractions showed skin tumor-initiating activity in mice. Different fractions exhibited varying levels of carcinogenic potential, with some mimicking benzo[a]pyrene

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Chemical Carcinogenesis
    • Coal-Derived Materials

    Background:

    • Solvent-refined coal (SRC)-II heavy distillate (HD) is a complex mixture.
    • Understanding the carcinogenic potential of coal-derived materials is crucial for occupational and environmental safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the skin tumor-initiating activity of SRC-II heavy distillate fractions.
    • To compare the carcinogenic potential of different SRC-II HD fractions using an initiation/promotion model.

    Main Methods:

    • SRC-II heavy distillate was fractionated into basic (BF), basic tar (BTF), neutral tar (NTF), and polynuclear aromatic (PNA) components.
    • Fractions were applied as a single dose to initiate skin tumors in male CD-1 mice.
    • Tumor development was promoted by twice-weekly applications of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) for 24 weeks.

    Main Results:

    • All tested SRC-II HD fractions demonstrated skin tumor-initiating activity.
    • Tumor incidence, appearance rate, and total tumor count varied among fractions.
    • HD, NTF, and BTF showed tumor responses similar to benzo[a]pyrene, while BF and PNA exhibited lower activity.

    Conclusions:

    • The initiation/promotion (I/P) assay is a viable method for assessing the tumorigenicity of coal-derived materials.
    • Specific fractions of SRC-II heavy distillate possess significant skin tumor-initiating properties.
    • The carcinogenic activity is dependent on the chemical composition of the coal distillate fractions.

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