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Specific herpes simplex virus antigen in human gingiva.

J Ehrlich, G H Cohen, N Hochman

    Journal of Periodontology
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) antigens were detected in gingival sulcular epithelial cells during periodontal treatment. This suggests the HSV-1 viral genome may reside within these specific gingival cells.

    Area of Science:

    • Oral microbiology
    • Virology
    • Periodontology

    Background:

    • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common human pathogen.
    • Periodontal disease involves inflammation of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth.
    • The presence and localization of HSV-1 in periodontal tissues are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of HSV-1 specific antigens in the sulcular epithelial cells of patients undergoing periodontal treatment.
    • To determine the potential localization of the HSV-1 genome within these gingival cells.

    Main Methods:

    • Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect HSV-1 specific antigens.
    • Samples were obtained from the sulcular epithelial cells of patients receiving periodontal treatment.

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  • Analysis focused on identifying viral antigen presence and cellular localization.

    • Main Results:

    • HSV-1 specific antigens were detected in 4 out of 14 (28.6%) patients.
    • Antigens were found in the sulcular epithelial cells, not in the nucleus.
    • Observations suggest the viral genome resides in the sulcular epithelial cells, potentially in the stratum granulosum and spinosum.

    Conclusions:

    • The study indicates that HSV-1 can be present in the sulcular epithelial cells of patients with periodontal disease.
    • These findings suggest that the gingival sulcular epithelium may serve as a reservoir for the HSV-1 genome.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of HSV-1 in periodontal conditions.