Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 10, 2026
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes
Published on: June 12, 2025
Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA: evidence for integration in the single-stranded gap
Abstract:
The DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) can integrate into the genomes of infected human liver cells and may be related to the development of primary liver carcinoma (PLC). This report describes the analysis of three integrated HBV DNA sequences cloned from DNA of the human PLC cell line PLC/PRF/5. In all these sequences, integration of the viral DNA is at a site that is single-stranded (gap) in the unintegrated HBV DNA. Contrary to some speculations, there are no large terminal redundancies flanking the inserts as found in retroviral proviruses. The viral sequences show no obvious rearrangements in these clones, but integration can be associated with deletions in the viral DNA and also apparently in the host DNA.
Related Concept Videos
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...