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Ocular viral infections

D Pavan-Langston

    The Medical Clinics of North America
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed

    Insights

    Common DNA viruses like herpes simplex virus can infect the eye, causing inflammation and ulcers. While some antiviral drugs treat these infections, others like adenovirus remain resistant, requiring careful corticosteroid use.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Virology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Several DNA viruses are significant causes of ocular infections.
    • These viral infections can lead to various ocular pathologies, including epithelial infections, stromal keratitis, and iritis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the primary viral pathogens affecting the eye.
    • To discuss their clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of viral ocular infections.
    • Analysis of antiviral drug efficacy and corticosteroid use.

    Main Results:

    • Herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus, and vaccinia virus are key ocular pathogens.
    • HSV and vaccinia virus show high sensitivity to available antiviral antimetabolites.
    • VZV and CMV have equivocal responses, while adenovirus is resistant.
    • Corticosteroids can manage immune reactions but require careful monitoring for side effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Ocular viral infections present diverse clinical challenges.
    • Treatment efficacy varies significantly among different viral agents.
    • Judicious use of antivirals and corticosteroids is crucial for managing ocular viral diseases and preventing complications.

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