Is cytochrome c reactivity determined by dipole moment or by local charges?
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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Single Liposome Measurements for the Study of Proton-Pumping Membrane Enzymes Using Electrochemistry and Fluorescent Microscopy
Published on: February 21, 2019
Abstract:
A criticism of a recent paper by M. Fragata and F. Bellemare (Biophys. Chem. 15 (1982) 111) is presented. These authors developed a model of polarity-dependent ferrocytochrome c oxidation which is shown to be incorrect. It fails to show that the use of the 'overal dipole moment' is likely to be unreliable, and that reactivity is best explained by a polarity effect on the dipole of the haem of cytochrome c.
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