Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization
13:55

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization

Published on: February 3, 2013

Conservation and divergence of immunoglobulin VH pseudogenes

J B Cohen, D Givol

    The EMBO Journal
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma15:07

    VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma

    Published on: December 28, 2015

    Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches09:35

    Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches

    Published on: April 20, 2021

    Related Concept Videos

    Antibody Structure01:10

    Antibody Structure

    Overview
    Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
    The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
    Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
    Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

    Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

    Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
    A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
    Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

    Multi-species Conserved Sequences

    Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
    Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
    Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

    Gene Duplication and Divergence

    The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
    The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
    Conservation of Protein Domains02:26

    Conservation of Protein Domains

    Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
    A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
    Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

    Diversity of Antigen Receptors

    Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
    Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...