Mouse mammary tumor virus: specific methylation patterns of proviral DNA in normal mouse tissues

The methylation state of endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) proviral DNA was examined in normal mouse tissues. DNAs from various tissues were cleaved with the methylation-sensitive enzymes HhaI and HpaII and analyzed by Southern blotting. Tissue-specific MuMTV proviral DNA methylation patterns were found in the BALB/c, C3H, C57BL, GR/A, and GR-Mtv-2- mouse strains. MuMTV proviral DNA was hypomethylated in DNAs from the spleens and testes of all strains examined. The GR/A mouse strain, which was most thoroughly studied, also showed hypomethylation of MuMTV proviral DNA in bone marrow and placental tissues. Analysis of RNAs extracted from GR/A liver, mammary tumor, testes, placenta, and spleen tissues demonstrated that MuMTV proviral hypomethylation need not reflect significant proviral transcription.