Biliary tract disease in Thailand

One hundred and eighty-nine patients were documented as having biliary tract disease. Two hundred and nine lesions were found. The prevalence of malignant disease of the biliary tract was represented by 30.1 per cent, and cholangiocarcinoma was a leading cause. The carcinogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma has been speculated. Acute cholecystitis represented 55 per cent of biliary tract disease in Thailand, which consisted of acute calculous cholecystitis and acute noncalculous cholecystitis, 94.8 and 5.2 per cent, respectively. Among acute calculous cholecystitis, the prevalence of cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis and intrahepatic stones were 58.5, 68.8 and 15.6 per cent, respectively. The high prevalence of choledocholithiasis and intrahepatic stones requires elucidation. In the remaining surgical disease of the biliary tract, opisthorchiatic cyst was the most common cause. The diagnosis of opisthorchiatic cyst was made roentgenologically in association with the identification of Opisthorchis ova in the aspirated bile. Opisthorchiatic cyst appears to be a unique clinical entity, differing from other types of intrahepatic cysts. Another form of presentation of biliary tract opisthorchiasis is through obstruction of the common bile duct by an aggregated mass of dead worms. This condition is cured by surgical removal of the worms. It is worth while to mention that, among 189 patients with biliary tract disease, there were three documented instances of choledochal cysts. This probably indicates a high prevalence of choledochal cysts when compared with that for the United States. In the present study, a 36 year old female with a diagnosis of Caroli's disease, ascariasis of the common bile duct and choledocholithiasis is presented.