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Accessory DNAs in the bacterial gene pool: playground for coevolution.

D L Hartl, D E Dykhuizen, D E Berg

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Accessory DNA elements like transposable elements and phages provide bacteria a selective advantage, driving their evolution. These elements promote genetic exchange, creating a bacterial

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Prokaryotic accessory DNA elements, including transposable elements (e.g., Tn5, Tn10) and temperate phages (e.g., lambda, Mu, P1, P2), are prevalent in bacterial genomes.
    • These elements are known to interact with their bacterial hosts, but their role in host adaptation and evolution is complex.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the selective advantages conferred by accessory DNA elements on bacterial hosts.
    • To elucidate the evolutionary trajectory of these elements from initial selective benefits to 'selfish' traits.
    • To understand how accessory DNA elements shape bacterial population structure and facilitate genetic exchange.

    Main Methods:

    • Chemostat studies were employed to analyze bacterial populations harboring specific transposable elements and temperate phages.
    • Comparative analysis of bacterial strains with and without these accessory DNA elements.

    Main Results:

    • Accessory DNA elements were found to confer a significant selective advantage on their bacterial hosts.
    • Evolutionary acquisition of 'selfish' traits, such as over-replication and horizontal transmission, facilitated the widespread dissemination of these elements.
    • Accessory DNAs promote genetic interconnection among bacterial strains, species, and genera, forming a 'commonwealth' with a shared gene pool.

    Conclusions:

    • The coevolution of accessory DNAs and bacterial genomes has resulted in unique population structures and genetic exchange mechanisms.
    • These accessory elements represent a highly effective adaptive strategy for bacteria, driven by population-level selection.
    • The interplay between accessory DNA evolution and host genome adaptation is crucial for bacterial diversification and survival.

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