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Human polypeptidic hormone-like substances in microorganisms.

M Ghione, P Dell'Orto

    Microbiologica
    |October 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Certain bacteria and protozoa possess factors that cross-react with human hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This suggests shared antigens between microorganisms and human hormones, potentially impacting immune responses.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Microorganisms can possess molecules that mimic human hormones.
    • Cross-reactivity between microbial and human antigens is a known phenomenon.
    • Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and pituitary hormones are key targets for immune cross-reactivity studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of factors in microorganisms that cross-react with human polypeptide hormones.
    • To identify specific microbial strains exhibiting cross-reactivity with hormones like hCG, prolactin, and gonadotropins.
    • To explore the implications of shared antigens in host-microorganism interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Immune staining methods were employed to detect cross-reacting factors.

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  • Agglutination tests were used to assess antigen-antibody reactions.
  • Bacterial and protozoan strains were cultured and tested against various human hormone antisera.

    • Main Results:

    • Several bacterial strains (P. maltophilia, E. coli) and a protozoon (L. enrietti) showed cross-reactivity with anti-hCG sera.
    • Three bacterial strains reacted with antisera against human pituitary gonadotropins, and some with anti-prolactin sera.
    • No cross-reactivity was observed with antisera against ACTH or gastrin.
    • Bacterial production of hCG-like factors varied with culture media and was lost in resistant mutants.

    Conclusions:

    • Microorganisms can produce factors that share antigens with human hormones, particularly hCG and pituitary gonadotropins.
    • The presence of these shared antigens may play a role in inter-organism interactions and immune modulation.
    • Further research is needed to understand the functional significance of these cross-reactive factors.