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Fast ephemeral DNA damage upon BaP injection.

J Höhn-Bentz, B Kurelec, R K Zahn

    The Science of the Total Environment
    |December 15, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) causes rapid DNA alterations in frogs and fish, followed by a delayed wave of damage linked to mixed function oxygenase activity. Nutritional status impacts the response in frogs.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Toxicology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Carcinogenesis Research

    Background:

    • Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in the environment.
    • BaP is known to be mutagenic and carcinogenic.
    • Understanding BaP's interaction with DNA is crucial for assessing its health risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on DNA in aquatic organisms and cell cultures.
    • To characterize the temporal dynamics of BaP-induced DNA alterations.
    • To explore the role of mixed function oxygenases (MFO) and nutritional status in the response to BaP.

    Main Methods:

    • Injection of BaP into frogs (Xenopus laevis), fish (Gambusia affinis), and cell cultures (L 5178 Y).
    • Assessment of DNA alterations using alkaline filter elution and S1 nuclease sensitivity assays.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of mixed function oxygenase (MFO) activity.
  • Investigation of nutritional status effects in frogs.

    • Main Results:

    • BaP induced rapid DNA alterations in frogs, fish, and cell cultures, peaking within 60-90 minutes and resolving within 3 hours.
    • A second wave of DNA alterations appeared 8-12 days post-exposure in frogs.
    • MFO activity showed no short-term changes but increased from day 8 to 14 in frogs.
    • The response in frogs was influenced by diet; a carbohydrate-rich, protein-poor diet diminished the rapid response.
    • Benzo(e)pyrene, a non-carcinogenic isomer, did not induce similar effects.

    Conclusions:

    • BaP induces both acute and delayed DNA alterations in aquatic organisms and cell lines.
    • The delayed response is potentially linked to induced MFO activity and is influenced by nutritional status.
    • The findings highlight the complex genotoxic mechanisms of BaP and factors modulating its effects.