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Chronic ethanol changes opiate receptor function in rat striatum.

L Lucchi, R A Rius, H Uzumaki

    Brain Research
    |February 20, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chronic ethanol consumption alters opiate receptor sensitivity in rats. Delta-opiate receptors become supersensitive, while mu-opiate receptors show reduced affinity, impacting enkephalinergic transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology
    • Addiction Research

    Background:

    • Ethanol, a commonly consumed psychoactive substance, is known to affect the central nervous system.
    • Opiate receptors, particularly delta and mu subtypes, play crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes, including pain perception and reward pathways.
    • Previous research suggests a complex interaction between ethanol and the endogenous opioid system.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the specific effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the sensitivity of striatal delta-opiate and mu-opiate receptors.
    • To explore the potential link between alterations in opiate receptor sensitivity and changes in enkephalin release in the rat striatum.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing radioligand binding assays with specific tracers ([3H]DADLE, [3H]etorphine, [3H]Met-enkephalin, [3H]DHM) to quantify opiate receptor sites in rat striatal tissue.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Measuring dissociation constants (Kd) to assess receptor affinity.
  • Quantifying enkephalin release in the striatum of ethanol-dependent rats.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic ethanol exposure led to supersensitivity of striatal delta-opiate receptor sites.
    • A diminished release of enkephalin was observed in the striatum of rats following chronic ethanol consumption.
    • Conversely, striatal mu-opiate receptors exhibited a lower affinity for their ligands, indicated by enhanced Kd values.

    Conclusions:

    • Ethanol differentially affects various classes of opiate receptors in the striatum.
    • The observed changes in receptor sensitivity and enkephalin release suggest a significant impact of chronic ethanol on the enkephalinergic system.
    • These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying ethanol dependence and its effects on the brain's reward circuitry.