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Enzyme release from skeletal muscle.

G Suarez-Kurtz

    Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Medicas E Biologicas
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Sarcoplasmic enzyme release from skeletal muscle, like creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), occurs even in healthy fibers. Factors like membrane integrity and extracellular diffusion influence this release, with implications for neuromuscular diseases.

    Area of Science:

    • Muscle Physiology
    • Biochemistry
    • Cellular Biology

    Background:

    • Sarcoplasmic enzymes such as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are released from skeletal muscle.
    • Understanding the factors influencing this release is crucial for diagnosing and managing neuromuscular diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review factors affecting sarcoplasmic enzyme release from skeletal muscle.
    • To investigate the mechanisms of CK and LDH efflux from isolated frog muscles.
    • To discuss the relevance of these findings to neuromuscular disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of data from isolated frog muscles.
    • Examination of enzyme release under varying conditions, including changes in tonicity and exposure to polyamines.
    • Assessment of membrane integrity using morphological and electrophysiological parameters.

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    Main Results:

    • Creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are continuously released from healthy frog muscle fibers.
    • Release rates are influenced by transsarcolemmal efflux and extracellular enzyme diffusion.
    • Sarcolemmal injury increases enzyme release, but procedures like altered tonicity or polyamine exposure also significantly stimulate release without irreversible membrane damage.

    Conclusions:

    • Skeletal muscle fibers continuously release sarcoplasmic enzymes, even with intact membranes.
    • Factors beyond simple membrane damage, such as changes in the extracellular environment, can modulate enzyme efflux.
    • These findings provide insights into elevated enzyme levels observed in patients with neuromuscular diseases.