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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin of...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

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Published on: March 22, 2018

Structural requirements for the function of a yeast chromosomal replicator.

S Kearsey

    Cell
    |May 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers identified a crucial 14 bp core region essential for autonomous replication in yeast. This region, near the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HO gene, is vital for DNA replication origin function.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Yeast Genetics
    • DNA Replication

    Background:

    • The Saccharomyces cerevisiae HO gene is associated with a sequence enabling autonomous replication in yeast.
    • Understanding the structural requirements of replication origins is key to comprehending DNA replication mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify critical structural elements of a putative yeast replication origin.
    • To determine the functional importance of specific DNA sequences for in vivo autonomous replication.

    Main Methods:

    • Deletion mutagenesis was used to remove segments of the DNA sequence.
    • Point mutagenesis was employed to alter specific nucleotides within the sequence.
    • Functional analysis assessed autonomous replication in yeast.

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    Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
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    Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

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    07:48

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    Main Results:

    • A 14 bp core region was identified as essential for autonomous replication.
    • Point mutations within this core region abolished replication.
    • A flanking 20 bp sequence enhanced replication efficiency but was not strictly essential.

    Conclusions:

    • The 14 bp core sequence is a critical determinant of autonomous replication origin function in yeast.
    • Sequence elements flanking the core region contribute to, but are not required for, replication efficiency.