Initiation and termination signals for transcription in bacteriophage M13

Transcription of the infrequently expressed phage M13 genome domain, comprising genes III, VI, I and IV, has been studied in detail by hybridization and S1-nuclease mapping studies. The contiguous genes III and VI are transcribed via an 1800 nucleotide-long RNA molecule that is initiated at a promoter which overlaps with the Rho-independent termination signal between genes III and VIII. Its synthesis is terminated at a Rho-dependent terminator in the proximal part of gene I. Transcription of gene I is not mediated by an independent promoter but most probably by read-through of RNA-polymerase through this terminator. Transcription of gene IV is accomplished by synthesis of four distinct RNAs of about 1500 to 1680 nucleotides long which are initiated at a promoter located immediately in front of gene IV. Termination of these transcripts is generated at least four different sites located in tandem within the intergenic region between genes IV and II.