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Related Experiment Videos

Postsynaptic specializations at excitatory and inhibitory cholinergic synapses.

H Watanabe, G Burnstock

    Journal of Neurocytology
    |February 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Postsynaptic bar (PSB) and junctional subsurface organ (JSO) structures in frog neurons are found in distinct cell populations. PSBs associate with small cells and inhibitory synapses, while JSOs associate with large cells and excitatory synapses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Histology

    Background:

    • Paravertebral ganglia contain diverse neuron types with distinct morphological and electrophysiological properties.
    • Postsynaptic structures like postsynaptic bars (PSBs) and junctional subsurface organs (JSOs) are implicated in synaptic function but their cellular associations are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the distribution of postsynaptic bar (PSB) and junctional subsurface organ (JSO) structures within different paravertebral ganglion cell populations in the frog (Limmodynastes dumerili).
    • To correlate the presence of PSBs and JSOs with specific ganglion cell sizes and locations.
    • To propose functional associations between these postsynaptic structures and distinct neuronal cell types.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial section electron microscopy was used to examine neurons in the paravertebral ganglia of Limmodynastes dumerili.

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  • Quantitative analysis of the presence and location of postsynaptic bars (PSBs) and junctional subsurface organs (JSOs) in relation to neuron size and cellular compartments.
  • Morphological assessment of vesicular content in adjacent nerve terminals to infer neurotransmitter type.

    • Main Results:

    • Postsynaptic bars (PSBs) and junctional subsurface organs (JSOs) were never observed in the same ganglion cell.
    • PSBs were predominantly found in smaller ganglion cells (<22 µm), associated with spine and non-spinous somatic synapses.
    • JSOs were predominantly found in larger ganglion cells (>45 µm), primarily in the axon hillock region.

    Conclusions:

    • The distinct distribution of PSBs and JSOs suggests they are markers for two different populations of paravertebral ganglion cells, potentially corresponding to electrophysiologically defined B and C cell types.
    • Cholinergic nerve terminals adjacent to both PSBs and JSOs suggest functional roles in synaptic transmission.
    • It is proposed that JSOs are associated with slow excitatory synapses, while PSBs are present at slow inhibitory synapses.