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Properties of hog cholera viruses recently isolated in Japan
Abstract:
Hog cholera (HC) viruses newly isolated in Japan in 1980 and 1981 were examined for pathogenicity and serological properties by the neutralization test with antisera against bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD . MD) and HC viruses. Five of 23 isolates examined were neutralized poorly by BVD . MD antibody, but well by HC antibody. On the contrary, 15 isolates were neutralized readily and two isolates moderately by BVD . MD antibody. The other one reacted poorly with either HC or BVD . MD antibodies. The isolate neutralized poorly by BVD . MD antibody was more highly pathogenic than those neutralized readily. It was concluded that the antigenic properties and pathogenicity of the HC viruses were not monotype , and that HC viruses varying in antigenicity and pathogenicity were present in the field.
Insights
Hog cholera (HC) viruses in Japan showed varied antigenicity and pathogenicity. Some strains were poorly neutralized by bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD) antibodies, indicating distinct viral properties in the field.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Animal Pathology
Background:
- Hog cholera (HC) is a significant swine disease.
- Understanding viral diversity is crucial for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pathogenicity and serological properties of newly isolated HC viruses from Japan.
- To determine if HC viruses exhibit antigenic and pathogenic variations.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and characterization of HC viruses from Japanese swine.
- Pathogenicity assessment of viral isolates.
- Serological analysis using neutralization tests with antisera against HC and bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD) viruses.
Main Results:
- Out of 23 HC virus isolates, five showed poor neutralization by BVD antibodies but strong neutralization by HC antibodies.
- Fifteen isolates were readily neutralized by BVD antibodies, and two were moderately neutralized.
- One isolate reacted poorly with both HC and BVD antibodies.
- Isolates poorly neutralized by BVD antibodies exhibited higher pathogenicity.
Conclusions:
- Hog cholera viruses in Japan are not monotypic, displaying significant antigenic variation.
- Field strains of HC viruses exhibit diverse antigenicity and pathogenicity.
- These findings highlight the need for tailored diagnostic and control strategies based on viral characteristics.