Occupational exposures as risk indicator of male bladder carcinoma in a predominantly rural area

A case-control study was performed on 212 bladder carcinoma patients (165 men and 47 women) and 259 control persons (165 men and 94 women) matched according to age and geographical area. Bivariate associations among the males revealed an increased relative risk (RR) of developing bladder carcinoma associated with occupational exposure to oil or gasoline, chemical materials, kerosene or asphalt. A significantly increased RR of developing bladder carcinoma was associated with blacksmiths and mechanics. A logistic regression analysis did not reveal an independent statistical effect of this parameter. Among the occupational factors, exposure to oil or gasoline was the most informative aetiologic determinant.