Computed tomography of neutropenic colitis

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Radiology
• Hematology

Background:

• Neutropenic colitis is a severe complication in patients with hematologic malignancies or bone marrow failure.
• Early diagnosis is critical for appropriate management and to prevent surgical complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the computed tomography (CT) findings of neutropenic colitis.
• To correlate radiologic findings with clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of CT scans from four patients with neutropenic colitis.
• Analysis of clinical data, including underlying conditions and treatment response.

Main Results:

• CT revealed cecal wall thickening in all four patients and pneumatosis in one.
• Intramural low-density areas suggested edema or hemorrhage.
• Radiologic improvement correlated with clinical recovery and neutrophil count normalization.

Conclusions:

• CT findings, particularly cecal wall thickening, are indicative of neutropenic colitis.
• Prompt radiologic recognition facilitates conservative management, likely avoiding surgery.