Automated analysis of abnormal electroencephalograms

This paper presents a critical review of various attempts at computerized analysis of abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs). A description of normal and abnormal EEGs from the viewpoint of the clinician is presented at first, along with guidelines used in the visual detection and quantification of EEG abnormalities, followed by a brief review of some important computerized methodologies for clinical EEG analysis. Automated detection and quantification of epileptogenic EEG transients and seizures are reviewed next, and digital computer (software) as well as hardwired systems are presented. Computerized techniques for the quantification of abnormal EEGs in cerebrovascular disorders and coma, metabolic disorders, and for the localization of brain lesions and tumors are presented as well. Future directions and the general problem of man-machine agreement are elaborated upon.