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Prolactin secretion in essential hypertension.

N Stern, A Eshkol, B Lunenfeld

    Clinical and Experimental Hypertension. Part A, Theory and Practice
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Essential hypertension patients do not show altered prolactin (PRL) secretion patterns in response to normal stimuli. However, dopaminergic control of PRL secretion may be different in hypertension.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Essential hypertension is a common cardiovascular condition.
    • Prolactin (PRL) secretion patterns and their regulation are not fully understood in hypertensive patients.
    • Previous studies suggested altered PRL responses to physiological stimuli in essential hypertension.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate prolactin (PRL) secretion patterns in patients with essential hypertension.
    • To investigate the relationship between PRL levels and plasma renin activity or urinary electrolyte excretion.
    • To assess the dopaminergic control of PRL secretion in essential hypertension.

    Main Methods:

    • Hourly blood sampling for PRL assessment between 2200 and 0800 hours.
    • Additional blood samples collected after assuming upright posture and during simulated daily activities.

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  • Measurement of basal plasma renin activity and overnight urinary sodium/potassium (Na/K) excretion.
  • Administration of metoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist, to assess PRL response.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in PRL secretory patterns or episodes were found between hypertensive patients and normal subjects.
    • Inverse relationship observed between basal plasma renin activity and simultaneous PRL levels in hypertensive patients (r= -0.60, p < 0.05).
    • Inverse relationship noted between mean overnight PRL levels and overnight urinary Na/K excretion in normal subjects (r= -0.78, p < 0.05).
    • No PRL response to postural changes in either group.
    • Hypertensive patients exhibited a greater early response to metoclopramide compared to normal subjects.

    Conclusions:

    • The study data do not support the hypothesis of enhanced PRL responses to normal physiological stimuli in essential hypertension.
    • Findings suggest that dopaminergic control of PRL secretion might be altered in essential hypertension.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of dopaminergic pathways in hypertension.