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In vitro complement binding in human skin cells with altered differentiation.

H Hintner, U Stanzl, G Schuler

    The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Normal human skin intermediate-sized filaments (ISF) bind complement C3. However, ISF in nevus cells bind C3, while those in melanoma and carcinoma cells do not, suggesting altered differentiation impacts this interaction.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Dermatology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Cytoskeletal intermediate-sized filaments (ISF) in normal human skin bind complement component C3 via normal human serum (NHS).
    • This binding is initiated by C1q and activates the classical complement pathway, independent of antibodies.
    • Altered cellular differentiation may affect ISF's interaction with the complement system.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cytoplasmic C3-binding properties of skin cells with altered differentiation.
    • To compare C3 deposition on ISF in nevus cells versus other skin pathologies.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of cryostat skin sections from dermal melanocytic nevi with NHS.
    • Detection of C3 using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated rabbit antihuman C3.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Immunoelectron microscopy to identify C3-binding structures within cells.

    • Main Results:

    • The vast majority of nevus cells exhibited bright cytoplasmic staining for C3.
    • Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed ISF within nevus cells as the primary C3-binding structures.
    • ISF in melanoma cells, basal cell carcinoma cells, and psoriatic keratinocytes did not bind C3.

    Conclusions:

    • Altered differentiation in nevus cells leads to C3 deposition on their ISF.
    • Changes in ISF structure and subunit composition may explain the loss of C3-binding capacity in other skin cells like melanoma and carcinoma.
    • This finding highlights a potential difference in complement interaction based on cellular differentiation state.