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Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

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Atypical Pneumonia01:14

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Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
13:54

Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria

Published on: April 2, 2013

Cell-mediated immunity in Legionnaires' disease.

M A Horwitz

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Recovered Legionnaires' disease patients exhibit robust cell-mediated immunity against Legionella pneumophila, demonstrating significant mononuclear cell responses. This immunity plays a crucial role in host defense against the bacterium.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Previous research suggested cell-mediated immunity is vital for combating Legionella pneumophila.
    • Legionnaires' disease is a severe respiratory infection caused by L. pneumophila.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate cell-mediated immunity in individuals who have recovered from Legionnaires' disease.
    • To assess mononuclear cell responses to L. pneumophila antigens.

    Main Methods:

    • Assayed patient mononuclear cells for cytokine production (monocyte activation) and proliferation (lymphoproliferation) in response to L. pneumophila antigens.
    • Utilized an assay measuring monocyte inhibition of L. pneumophila multiplication.
    • Compared responses to L. pneumophila antigens with those to concanavalin A and Mycobacterium leprae antigens.

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    08:34

    Legionella pneumophila Outer Membrane Vesicles: Isolation and Analysis of Their Pro-inflammatory Potential on Macrophages

    Published on: February 22, 2017

    Main Results:

    • Mononuclear cells from recovered patients produced cytokines that activated non-infected monocytes to inhibit L. pneumophila multiplication.
    • Patient mononuclear cells demonstrated increased proliferation in response to L. pneumophila antigens compared to non-patients.
    • Responses were specific to L. pneumophila, with stronger reactions to its antigens than to Mycobacterium leprae antigens in recovered patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell-mediated immunity to L. pneumophila develops in patients after Legionnaires' disease.
    • Cell-mediated immunity is a significant component of host defense against L. pneumophila.
    • The described monocyte activation assay is applicable for studying immune responses in patients.