T- and B-cell memory on mucosal surfaces

The secretory immune system exhibits memory responses in both B- and T-cell systems. Booster immunization mediates rapid activation of immune lymphocytes that may be important for host protection. Local memory responses may be generated following application of the antigen systemically or at other distant mucosal sites. The dichotomy between the systemic and local immune systems could be overcome, at least partially, in memory responses, depending upon the route and amount of antigen employed for the booster immunization.