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Summary
Tumours can cause systemic complications called paraneoplastic syndromes, affecting disease progression. This review covers common syndromes like cachexia and anemia in humans and dogs, their causes, and treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Internal Medicine
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Tumours can induce systemic complications through substance release.
- These complications, known as paraneoplastic syndromes, significantly impact disease course.
- Understanding these syndromes is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review common paraneoplastic syndromes.
- To discuss their occurrence in humans and dogs.
- To explore tumour-syndrome relationships, pathogenesis, and therapies.
Main Methods:
- Literature survey of common paraneoplastic syndromes.
- Analysis of occurrence in humans and dogs.
- Review of pathogenesis and therapeutic options.
Main Results:
- Identified common syndromes: cachexia, anorexia, fever, hypercalcaemia, hypoglycaemia, anaemia, coagulation defects.
- Detailed the occurrence of these syndromes in both human and canine populations.
- Explored the link between specific tumour types and syndrome development.
Conclusions:
- Paraneoplastic syndromes are significant systemic complications of tumours.
- These syndromes manifest diversely in humans and dogs, requiring tailored approaches.
- Further research into pathogenesis and therapy can improve patient outcomes.