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Related Experiment Videos

Screening for breast cancer.

A B Miller

    Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Large-scale trials are evaluating breast cancer screening methods, including mammography and physical exams, for women aged 40-59. Results are pending before widespread mammography screening can be recommended.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Radiology
    • Preventive Medicine

    Background:

    • The Health Insurance Plan (HIP) study demonstrated breast cancer screening effectiveness for women 50+ using physical exams and mammography.
    • Significant questions persist regarding screening benefits for women aged 40-49 and mammography's independent contribution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address uncertainties in breast cancer screening efficacy through large-scale randomized controlled trials.
    • To evaluate the specific benefits of mammography in different age groups and in conjunction with physical examinations.

    Main Methods:

    • Ongoing randomized controlled trials in Canada (NBSS) and Sweden are designed to answer key screening questions.
    • The NBSS trial specifically replicates the HIP study for women aged 40-49 and assesses mammography's added value for women aged 50-59.

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  • Other studies in Britain will examine breast self-examination (BSE) and different mammography frequencies.

    • Main Results:

    • The full results from the ongoing trials are necessary to determine the optimal breast cancer screening strategies.
    • Early indications suggest that the risks associated with mammographic screening are likely minimal.
    • The combination of annual mammography and physical examination appears to be a cost-effective approach.

    Conclusions:

    • Population-based screening recommendations for mammography require completion of current large-scale trials.
    • Until then, efficient physical breast examinations by primary care physicians, combined with breast self-examination (BSE), remain the primary population-based screening methods.
    • Emerging technologies like ultrasound and diaphanography are unlikely to replace mammography without comparative evaluation.