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Palate cell motility and substrate interaction.

K Venkatasubramanian, E F Zimmerman

    Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Palate mesenchymal cells migrate along fibrous tracks, guided by substrate interactions. Serotonin enhances this cell migration, crucial for palate reorientation during embryonic development.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biomaterials Science

    Background:

    • Palate shelf reorientation is a critical process in craniofacial development.
    • The cellular mechanisms driving palate mesenchymal cell migration remain incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the migratory behavior of palate mesenchymal cells on various substrates.
    • To elucidate the role of substrate composition and signaling molecules in cell migration and palate reorientation.

    Main Methods:

    • Culture of palate explants and monolayer cells on hydrated collagen lattices and polysiloxane substrates.
    • Phase and scanning electron microscopy to visualize cell migration and substrate interaction.
    • Assessment of cell migration dependence on serum, fibronectin, and serotonin signaling.

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    Main Results:

    • Palate mesenchymal cells migrated along aligned fibrous tracks in collagen lattices, demonstrating substrate-dependent motility.
    • Cell migration was dependent on serum and fibronectin, and significantly enhanced by serotonin.
    • Palate cells exerted tractional forces on substrates, evidenced by wrinkle formation and collagen film distortion.

    Conclusions:

    • Migrating palate mesenchymal cells actively interact with their substrate, generating tractional forces.
    • Serotonin modulates cell motility, playing a potential role in palate reorientation during embryogenesis.