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[A study of pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone in children]
Insights
Pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone (CPZ) in pediatric patients indicate that 25-50 mg/kg administered twice daily (BID) provides satisfactory therapeutic levels, with sustained serum concentrations observed at 12 hours post-administration.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics
Context:
- Cefoperazone (CPZ) is an antibiotic used to treat various infections in children and neonates.
- This study investigates the pharmacokinetic profile of CPZ in a pediatric population.
- Infections treated included urinary tract infections, otitis media, respiratory tract infections, and septicemia.
Purpose:
- To determine the pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone in children and neonates.
- To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters between pediatric and neonatal groups.
- To establish optimal dosing regimens for cefoperazone in pediatric patients.
Summary:
- Cefoperazone was administered via IV injection or infusion BID to 17 pediatric patients (children and neonates).
- Blood samples were collected over 12 hours to analyze serum concentrations.
- In children (mean age 6.5 years), mean half-life was 2.4 h; in neonates (mean age 16 days), mean half-life was 3.4 h.
- Mean serum levels at 12 hours were 6.2 mcg/ml, suggesting effective therapeutic concentrations.
Impact:
- The findings suggest that cefoperazone doses of 25-50 mg/kg given BID are likely satisfactory for pediatric use.
- This research provides valuable data for optimizing antibiotic therapy in pediatric populations.
- Understanding CPZ pharmacokinetics aids in effective treatment of bacterial infections in children and neonates.
Abstract:
A study of the pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone (CPZ), used as the sole antibiotic, was performed in 17 children and neonates. The types of infections treated were 7 UTI, 2 otitis media, 2 RTI, 4 septicemia or severe neonatal infections. Causative bacteria included 6 E. coli, 3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 C perfringens, 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 2 Staphylococcus aureus. Cefoperazone was administered by means of rapid IV injections (over 5 min) or IV infusions BID. The blood samples were taken by means of capillary microtubes at time 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 hours after the end of the first injection. After centrifugation and freezing at -80 degrees DEG method using modified Difco M2 Agar (Nall plus sodium citrate) and stock organinism Bacillus subtilis Atcc 6633. The results achieved in children and neonates were compared, in the 11 children (mean age 6.5 years). The mean single dose was 53 mg/kg. The mean maxima concentration was 145 mcg/ml and was obtained at 0.5 h. Mean serum half-life is 2.4 h. For the neonates mean age was 16 days and the dosage was 47 mg/kg, the maxima concentration was 232 micrograms/ml and was obtained at 0.6 h. The mean serum half-life was 3.4 h in the 2 groups, serum levels at 12 h were still high with a mean of 6.2 micrograms/ml for the 17 children. It appears that doses of 25-50 mg/kg given BID would be satisfactory.