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Frog perspective on the morphological difference between humans and chimpanzees.

L M Cherty, S M Case, A C Wilson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |April 14, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human and chimpanzee body shapes differ more than the most distinct frog species. Despite large morphological differences, their structural genes show minor biochemical divergence, supporting independent evolution rates.

    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary biology
    • Comparative anatomy
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Humans and chimpanzees exhibit significant morphological differences.
    • Previous studies suggest varying rates of evolution between morphology and genetics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively compare human and chimpanzee body shapes using novel criteria.
    • To assess the relationship between morphological and biochemical evolution rates in primates.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized criteria effective for discriminating frog body shapes to analyze primate morphology.
    • Quantitatively assessed body shape differences between humans and chimpanzees.
    • Compared morphological divergence with existing data on structural gene biochemical differences.

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    Main Results:

    • Human-chimpanzee body shape disparity exceeded that of the most dissimilar frog species.
    • Morphological differences were substantial when evaluated by frog-based criteria.
    • Biochemical differences in structural genes between humans and chimpanzees were minimal.

    Conclusions:

    • Morphological evolution can proceed independently of biochemical evolution in structural genes.
    • Quantitative analysis using diverse taxonomic standards can reveal significant evolutionary insights.
    • The study provides evidence for decoupled evolutionary trajectories in different biological systems.