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Cellular oncogenes and multistep carcinogenesis.

H Land, L F Parada, R A Weinberg

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |November 18, 1983
    PubMed
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    Scientists have identified two dozen cellular proto-oncogenes, which can become cancer-causing oncogenes through at least five mechanisms. New strategies aim to categorize these oncogenes, potentially revealing common cancer cell transformation pathways.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular biology
    • Cancer research
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Over two dozen cellular proto-oncogenes have been identified.
    • These genes are crucial in cellular functions but can transform into oncogenes.
    • Proto-oncogenes exhibit significant structural and functional diversity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the mechanisms by which proto-oncogenes become active oncogenes.
    • To develop experimental strategies for classifying oncogenes.
    • To identify common pathways involved in oncogene-induced cell transformation.

    Main Methods:

    • Study of retroviruses and gene transfer techniques to discover proto-oncogenes.
    • Development of experimental strategies for oncogene categorization.

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  • Functional analysis of oncogenes from cellular proto-oncogenes and DNA tumor viruses.

    • Main Results:

    • Identification of two dozen cellular proto-oncogenes.
    • Elucidation of at least five distinct mechanisms for proto-oncogene activation.
    • Development of methods to functionally categorize oncogenes.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular proto-oncogenes are a heterogeneous group with diverse activation mechanisms.
    • Experimental strategies can classify oncogenes, aiding in understanding their function.
    • This research may lead to the definition of a limited number of common oncogenic pathways.