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Evolution and mammalian dental morphology.

P M Butler

    Journal De Biologie Buccale
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Natural selection shapes mammalian teeth, with genetics and environment influencing dental variation. Evidence shows teeth adapt to diet and function, with age-related variance reduction indicating selection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Paleontology
    • Zoology

    Background:

    • Mammalian dentition exhibits significant variation.
    • Both genetic and environmental factors influence dental development.
    • Understanding dental adaptation is key to evolutionary studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review evidence for natural selection acting on mammalian dentition.
    • To explore the interplay of genetics, environment, and adaptation in tooth evolution.
    • To discuss the functional integration and ontogeny of teeth.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on mammalian dental variation and adaptation.
    • Analysis of evidence for selection, including variance reduction with age.
    • Examination of external (diet) and internal (functional integration) adaptations.

    Main Results:

    • Dental variation primarily reflects genetic differences, but environmental factors significantly impact later-developing teeth.
    • Reduction in dental variance with age is direct evidence of selection.
    • Adaptations include external adjustments to diet and internal functional integration of teeth and jaw musculature.

    Conclusions:

    • Natural selection demonstrably acts on mammalian dentition.
    • Dental adaptation is a complex process involving diet, functional integration, and development.
    • While many adaptations are understood, interspecific differences may also arise from genetic drift.

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