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Peptide utilization by oral streptococci.

C Andersson, M L Sund, L Linder

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    Different Streptococcus species utilize peptides or amino acids for growth, impacting hyaluronidase synthesis. Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguis prefer large peptides, while Streptococcus mutans favors amino acids, with varying intracellular aminopeptidase activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Streptococcus species exhibit diverse nutritional requirements.
    • Understanding these differences is crucial for studying their physiology and pathogenicity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the differential utilization of peptides and amino acids by various Streptococcus species.
    • To explore the relationship between peptide utilization and hyaluronidase synthesis.
    • To assess intracellular aminopeptidase activity in relation to peptide metabolism.

    Main Methods:

    • Culturing of Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus mutans strains on media with varying nitrogen sources (large peptides vs. amino acids).
    • Assessing growth rates and qualitative utilization of nitrogen sources.
    • Measuring hyaluronidase synthesis under different nutritional conditions.

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  • Quantifying intracellular aminopeptidase activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguis utilized large peptides but not amino acids for growth, unlike Streptococcus mutans strains which utilized amino acids but not large peptides.
    • Streptococcus sp. strain Bravato required both peptides and amino acids.
    • Dipeptides were not utilized by S. mitis.
    • Large peptides were essential for suppressing hyaluronidase synthesis in non-growing S. mitis.
    • Intracellular aminopeptidase activity varied significantly among the species, being highest in S. mitis and Streptococcus sp. strain Bravato.

    Conclusions:

    • Streptococcus species display distinct metabolic strategies for nitrogen acquisition, relying on either peptides or amino acids.
    • Peptide utilization is linked to the regulation of hyaluronidase production in S. mitis.
    • Intracellular aminopeptidase activity correlates with the ability to metabolize peptides.